Indian Diamond exporters shipped $3.1 billion of goods to USA in Q2 FY27, a rise of 4.9% on the same period last year and the strongest quarterly print since 2022. Customs data reviewed by IGEN shows the increase was broad-based, with generic formulations accounting for just under a third of the gain.

Tariff structures are shaping the mix of exports. Under the current schedule, finished goods face a duty of 7.9% in USA, while intermediate inputs enter at a reduced rate, which has encouraged Indian firms to ship semi-finished lots for final processing near the customer. That shift supports volume but dilutes unit value.

Where the growth is coming from

Adani Ports reported that its USA order book has doubled since January and now represents 27.1% of export revenue. The company is adding a second shift at its main plant and has booked additional container allocation on the Nhava Sheva-USA service through the end of 2028.

Government support is arriving in pieces. The commerce ministry has extended interest-equalisation benefits for another year and approved $93 million for market-access initiatives, including buyer-seller meets in USA. Exporters say the funds help but are less valuable than faster refunds of duties and taxes, which still take about 40 days.

Compliance remains the quiet constraint. Importers in USA now require traceability documentation down to the batch level, and exporters without digital record-keeping are finding themselves excluded from tender shortlists. Industry associations say fewer than half of small suppliers currently meet the standard.

“Buyers are not leaving a supplier, they are building a portfolio. India is now in that portfolio for the first time in many categories.”

Margins, freight and payment risk

For smaller exporters, the playbook emerging from the strongest performers is consistent: invest early in certification, lock freight with annual contracts, hedge at least half of currency exposure, and diversify into at least two markets so a single policy change cannot erase a year's margin.

Competitors are not standing still. Suppliers in Vietnam have cut prices aggressively in recent months and are courting the same buyers with long-term agreements. Indian exporters who win on price alone, analysts warn, will find their position tested when currency tailwinds fade.

Competition and market access

Buyers in USA have spent two years reducing reliance on a single source country, and Indian suppliers have been the principal beneficiary. Procurement managers cite shorter lead times out of Nhava Sheva, competitive pricing after the rupee's modest depreciation, and a growing base of certified plants as the reasons for switching.

Services linked to goods trade are growing in parallel. Testing, certification and logistics companies serving the corridor reported double-digit revenue gains, and at least four Indian firms have opened warehouse or light-assembly facilities in USA to sit closer to customers and shorten delivery windows to under ten days.

Outlook for the next four quarters

Looking ahead, the sector expects continued momentum through Q4 FY26, supported by restocking cycles abroad and a pipeline of government-to-government engagement. The risk case is a sharp rise in container rates or a policy shift in USA; the base case is 27.1% annual growth through 2028.